Acts of adulteration and imitation concerning food supplements do not constitute merely violations of food legislation; depending on the circumstances of the specific case, they may also give rise to criminal, administrative, and civil liability. This article examines the regulatory framework applicable to food supplements, the distinction between imitation and adulteration, the sanctions that may be imposed, and relevant Court of Cassation decisions, addressing the legal implications regarding product safety, consumer health, and the protection of trademark rights.

Takviye edici gıdalarda taklit ve tağşiş fiilleri, yalnızca gıda mevzuatına aykırılık değil; somut olayın özelliklerine göre cezai, idari ve özel hukuk sorumluluğu da doğurabilir. Makalede, takviyelere ilişkin mevzuat çerçevesi, taklit ve tağşiş ayrımı, uygulanabilecek yaptırımlar ile Yargıtay kararları incelenerek ürün güvenilirliği, tüketici sağlığı ve marka haklarının korunmasına ilişkin hukuki sonuçlar ele alınmaktadır.

Converting a limited liability company into a joint stock company in Türkiye allows the business to preserve its legal personality, assets, rights and obligations while adopting a new corporate form. The process requires careful compliance with capital requirements, shareholder protections, corporate approvals, employment rules and Trade Registry procedures. Proper planning and documentation are essential for an efficient, legally compliant conversion.

The 2026 ICC Arbitration Rules introduce significant reforms aimed at improving efficiency, flexibility and early case management. Key changes include removing mandatory Terms of Reference, raising the Expedited Procedure threshold, introducing the opt-in Highly Expedited Arbitration Procedure, formalising early determination, and expanding emergency arbitration measures. The Rules also strengthen arbitrator disclosure requirements and promote streamlined, cost-effective proceedings under the 2026 Rules.